大学物理学_主编申兵辉_9787302472285_上海联诚图书有限公司

本书是为全日制高等院校编写的教学用书的下册。上册内容包括运动与力、热现象、电与磁、波与粒子四部分, 下册内容包括习题解答和拓展阅读两部分。

第五篇习题解答

第 1章质点运动学 ··················································· 3

1.1要点归纳 ····················································· 3

1.2习题解答 ····················································· 4第 2章动量角动量 ················································· 10

2.1要点归纳 ····················································· 10

2.2习题解答 ····················································· 11第 3章功和能 ······················································· 19

3.1要点归纳 ····················································· 19

3.2习题解答 ····················································· 20第 4章流体力学 ····················································· 25

4.1要点归纳 ····················································· 25

4.2习题解答 ····················································· 26第 5章振动 ························································· 30

5.1要点归纳 ····················································· 30

5.2习题解答 ····················································· 31第 6章狭义相对论基础 ··············································· 36

6.1要点归纳 ····················································· 36

6.2习题解答 ····················································· 37第 7章气体动理论 ··················································· 41

7.1要点归纳 ····················································· 41

7.2习题解答 ····················································· 42第 8章热力学基础 ··················································· 50

8.1要点归纳 ····················································· 50

8.2习题解答 ····················································· 51第 9章静电场 ······················································· 60

9.1要点归纳 ····················································· 60

9.2习题解答 ····················································· 61

第 10章恒定磁场 ····················································· 77

10.1要点归纳 ····················································· 77

10.2习题解答 ····················································· 78

ii目录

第 11章电磁感应与电磁场 ·············································· 90

11.1要点归纳 ····················································· 90

11.2习题解答 ····················································· 91第 12章波动 ························································· 99

12.1要点归纳 ····················································· 99

12.2习题解答 ····················································· 100第 13章光波 ························································· 107

13.1要点归纳 ····················································· 107

13.2习题解答 ····················································· 109第 14章量子物理学初步 ··············································· 116

14.1要点归纳 ····················································· 116

14.2习题解答 ····················································· 117第 15章原子核与基本粒子 ·············································· 124

15.1要点归纳 ····················································· 124

15.2习题解答 ····················································· 125

第六篇拓展阅读

拓展 A物理学与生命科学 ·············································· 129

A.1物理学与大学教育 ·············································· 129

A.2生命科学专业的学生学习物理学的目的和意义 ························ 130

A.3力学与生命科学 ················································ 131

A.4热学与生命科学 ················································ 133

A.5电磁学与生命科学 ·············································· 134

A.6光学与生命科学 ················································ 136

A.7量子力学与生命科学 ············································ 138拓展 B非线性系统与生命科学 ·········································· 141

B.1混沌 ························································· 141

B.2维数概念的划时代突破分维 ··································· 145

B.3混沌与分形的联系 ·············································· 147

B.4耗散结构 ····················································· 147拓展 C生物电磁效应 ················································· 149

C.1生物体中的电学特征 ············································ 149

C.2外电场对生物体的影响 ·········································· 150

C.3生物体中的磁学特征 ············································ 151拓展 D值得借鉴的思维方法 ············································ 154

D.1认知论 ······················································· 154

D.2类比法的应用 ················································· 158

D.3演绎法在相对论中的应用 ········································ 159

D.4模型化方法 ··················································· 163

D.5自由思维 ····················································· 166

D.6现代物理学与经典物理学思维研究方法的差异 ························ 167拓展 E光摄技术 ····················································· 168

E.1光慑原理 ····················································· 168

E.2光慑的构造 ··················································· 170

E.3光慑在生命科学领域中的应用 ····································· 171拓展 F超离心技术 ··················································· 173拓展 G傅里叶变换红外光谱仪的原理 ···································· 175拓展 H红外线与红外技术 ·············································· 177

H.1红外线的产生 ················································· 177

H.2红外线的检测 ················································· 178

H.3红外技术 ····················································· 179拓展 I超导体的电磁特性 ·············································· 182

I.1零电阻 ······················································· 182

I.2过斯纳效应 ··················································· 184拓展 J电磁场的相对性 ··············································· 186

J.1在不同参考系测量电场 ·········································· 186

J.2动量和力的变换 ················································ 188

J.3静止电荷对运动电荷的作用力 ····································· 189

J.4运动电荷对运动电荷的作用力 ····································· 189

J.5电磁场的变换 ················································· 190拓展 K若干专题分析 ················································· 192

K.1行星的运动轨道 ················································ 192

K.2对振动问题的进一步讨论 ········································ 194