Python基础教程

定　　价：44 元

• 作者：周胜
• 出版时间：2019/7/1
• ISBN：9787121369261
• 出 版 社：电子工业出版社

• 中图法分类：TP311.56 
• 页码：448
• 版次：01
• 开本：16开

内容简介

本教材以 Windows操作系统为平台，系统讲解 Python3的基础知识。全书共 11章，主要介绍了 Python基本语法、字符串、列表、元组、字典、文件的读写、函数与模块等基础知识。首先介绍了 Python的特点、发展及推荐学习方法，然后讲授了 Python基础语法、流程控制语句、数据类型、函数、模块、面向对象、文件处理、异常处理、数据库操作，最后增加了全国计算机等级考试二级 Python语言程序设计考试中所要求的第三方库相关知识等。教材根据“自主式一体化教学”模式，对教材的构成要素进行调整，按照 Python的有关知识由浅入深、从易到难进行编写，并在每章后布置实训与练习，实现“教、学、做”一体，从而切实提高学生的持续发展能力。本教材力求为数据采集及分析提供全面的语言基础，同时也考虑到部分学有余力的同学参加全国计算机等级考试的要求，补充了全国计算机等级考试二级 Python语言程序设计考试大纲规定的知识，故也适合作为全国计算机等级考试二级考试 Python语言程序设计考试参考用书。为提升学习效果，教材结合实际应用提供了大量的案例进行说明和训练，并配以完善的学习资料和支持服务，包括教学大纲、教学进度表、教学 PPT、案例源码等，为读者提供全方位的学习服务。

作者介绍

周胜，男，高级实验师，担任软件专业负责人，近五年来，课程及资源建设完成如下：2013年主持完成《ASP.NET动态网页开发》课程信息化建设；2014年完成《计算机组装与维护实训指导书》校本教材建设；2015年完成《XAML基础教程》工学结合校本教材建设；2016年完成《大学计算机基础教程》编写及出版工作；2018年上半年完成《Python数据分析程序基础》工学结合校本教材建设。

目 录

目录

第 1章初识 Python ·························································································· 1
1.1认识 Python ····························································································· 1
1.1.1 Python初识 ···················································································· 2
1.1.2 Python的特点及应用领域 ·································································· 2
1.1.3 Python的学习方法 ··········································································· 3
1.2搭建环境 ································································································· 4
1.2.1 Python下载 ···················································································· 5
1.2.2 Python IDLE开发环境 ······································································· 7
1.2.3 PyCharm开发环境 ··········································································· 8
1.2.4 Anaconda3开发环境 ········································································10
1.3打包发布 ································································································16
1.3.1 pip包管理工具 ···············································································16
1.3.2 PyInstaller······················································································19
1.4实训 1：使用环境搭建 ··············································································22【本章习题】 ··································································································22
第 2章编程基础 ·····························································································24
2.1认识 Python程序和中文编码 ······································································24
2.2 Python固定语法 ······················································································25
2.2.1 Python代码块 ················································································25
2.2.2 Python行处理 ················································································26
2.2.3 Python标识符及保留字 ····································································28
2.3 Python基本输入输出 ················································································30
2.3.1用户输入 ·······················································································30
2.3.2屏幕输出 ·······················································································32
2.4 Python变量和数据类型 ·············································································33
2.4.1变量和赋值 ····················································································34
基础教程
2.4.2简单数据类型 ·················································································35
2.4.3类型转换 ·······················································································40
2.5 Python的对象和变量 ················································································41
2.5.1对象的类型与身份 ···········································································42
2.5.2变量引用对象 ·················································································42
2.5.3共享引用 ·······················································································43
2.6 Python运算符 ·························································································45
2.6.1算术运算符 ····················································································45
2.6.2比较运算符 ····················································································47
2.6.3赋值运算符 ····················································································48
2.6.4位运算符 ·······················································································49
2.6.5逻辑运算符 ····················································································50
2.6.6成员运算符 ····················································································51
2.6.7身份运算符 ····················································································52
2.6.8运算符优先级 ·················································································52
2.7实训 2：班级竞选统计 ··············································································54【本章习题】 ··································································································56
第 3章控制流程 ·····························································································58
3.1条件语句 ································································································58
3.1.1 if条件语句 ····················································································59
3.1.2实践运用 ·······················································································62
3.2循环语句 ································································································63
3.2.1循环语句概述 ·················································································63
3.2.2 while循环语句 ···············································································63
3.2.3 for循环语句 ··················································································65
3.2.4循环嵌套 ·······················································································66
3.2.5实践运用 ·······················································································67
3.3其他语句 ································································································67
3.3.1 break语句 ·····················································································68
3.3.2 continue语句··················································································70
3.3.3 pass语句·······················································································71
3.3.4 else语句 ·······················································································71
3.4实训 3：数字金字塔 ·················································································73【本章习题】 ··································································································74
第 4章 Python数据类型 ···················································································76
4.1 Python序列操作 ······················································································76
4.2 Python字符串 ·························································································79
4.2.1 Python字符串操作 ··········································································80
目录
4.2.2字符串格式化输出 ···········································································83
4.2.3三引号 ··························································································85
4.2.4字符串函数 ····················································································86
4.3 Python列表 ····························································································95
4.3.1列表概述 ·······················································································96
4.3.2列表操作 ·······················································································96
4.3.3列表函数 ····················································································· 100
4.4 Python元组 ·························································································· 104
4.4.1元组概述 ····················································································· 104
4.4.2元组操作 ····················································································· 105
4.4.3元组函数 ····················································································· 108
4.5 Python字典 ·························································································· 109
4.5.1字典概述 ····················································································· 110
4.5.2字典操作 ······················································································111
4.5.3字典函数 ····················································································· 116
4.6 Python集合 ·························································································· 122
4.6.1集合概述 ····················································································· 122
4.6.2集合操作 ····················································································· 123
4.6.3集合函数 ····················································································· 126
4.7对象的浅复制与深复制 ··········································································· 127
4.7.1浅复制 ························································································ 128
4.7.2深复制 ························································································ 129
4.8推导式 ································································································· 129
4.8.1列表推导式 ·················································································· 130
4.8.2字典推导式 ·················································································· 131
4.8.3集合推导式 ·················································································· 132
4.9实训 4：创建学生信息管理系统用户数据 ···················································· 132【本章习题】 ································································································ 133
第 5章代码复用 —函数 ···············································································136
5.1 Python函数 ·························································································· 136
5.1.1函数概念 ····················································································· 137
5.1.2函数定义 ····················································································· 137
5.1.3函数调用 ····················································································· 138
5.1.4函数的嵌套定义 ············································································ 139
5.2 Python函数参数 ···················································································· 140
5.2.1参数··························································································· 140
5.2.2参数传递 ····················································································· 143
5.2.3函数返回值 ·················································································· 144
5.3 Python全局变量与局部变量 ····································································· 144
基础教程
5.3.1变量作用域 ·················································································· 145
5.3.2全局变量和局部变量 ······································································ 145
5.3.3 global语句 ·················································································· 146
5.3.4 nonlocal语句················································································ 147
5.4 Python匿名函数 ···················································································· 148 5.5实训 5：使用函数编写学生信息管理系统 ···················································· 149【本章习题】 ································································································ 152
第 6章代码复用 —模块 ···············································································154
6.1模块概述 ······························································································ 154
6.2模块的使用 ··························································································· 155
6.2.1模块导入 ····················································································· 156
6.2.2模块定位查找 ··············································································· 158
6.2.3自定义模块调用 ············································································ 159
6.3 Python中的包 ······················································································· 160
6.3.1包的概念 ····················································································· 160
6.3.2包使用实例 ·················································································· 161
6.4常用模块介绍 ······················································································· 162
6.4.1时间与日期 ·················································································· 163
6.4.2 math库······················································································· 166
6.4.3 json模块····················································································· 168
6.5实训 6：使用模块编写学生信息管理系统 ···················································· 170【本章习题】 ································································································ 173
第 7章 Python面向对象 ·················································································175
7.1面向对象编程简介 ················································································· 175
7.2类和对象 ······························································································ 177
7.2.1类的创建 ····················································································· 177
7.2.2实例对象 ····················································································· 179
7.2.3类的方法 ····················································································· 179
7.3类的继承 ······························································································ 182
7.4类的方法重写 ······················································································· 184
7.4.1方法重写 ····················································································· 185
7.4.2运算符重载 ·················································································· 186
7.5实训 7：使用类编写学生信息管理系统 ······················································· 187【本章习题】 ································································································ 190
第 8章文件处理 ···························································································192
8.1打开和关闭文件 ···················································································· 192
8.2文件读写 ······························································································ 196
目录
8.3重命名和删除文件 ················································································· 199
8.3.1 os模块 ······················································································· 199
8.3.2重命名和删除文件操作 ··································································· 202
8.4 Python文件夹操作 ················································································· 203
8.5 csv文件操作 ························································································· 204
8.5.1 csv数据······················································································ 205
8.5.2读取 csv数据··············································································· 205
8.5.3写入.csv文件··············································································· 208
8.6实训 8：基于文件的学生信息管理系统 ······················································· 209【本章习题】 ································································································ 212
第 9章异常处理 ···························································································214
9.1异常···································································································· 214
9.1.1异常概述··························································································· 215
9.1.2异常的检测与处理 ········································································· 217
9.2抛出异常 ······························································································ 221
9.2.1抛出异常处理 ··············································································· 221
9.2.2用户自定义异常 ············································································ 224
9.3 with语句 ····························································································· 225 9.4实训 9：实现异常处理的学生信息管理系统 ················································· 226【本章习题】 ································································································ 231
第 10章 MySQL数据库操作 ············································································233
10.1访问 MySQL数据库·············································································· 234
10.1.1 pymysql模块安装········································································ 234
10.1.2事务机制 ··················································································· 234
10.1.3 Python操作数据库过程及对象 ························································ 235
10.2数据库操作 ························································································· 236
10.2.1连接 MySQL数据库····································································· 236
10.2.2创建数据库表 ············································································· 237
10.2.3数据库读写 ················································································ 239
10.3实训 10：基于 MySQL数据库的学生信息管理系统 ······································ 243【本章习题】 ································································································ 247
第 11章计算生态 ··························································································249
11.1 Turtle标准库 ······················································································· 249
11.1.1 Turtle基础 ················································································· 250
11.1.2 Turtle绘图命令 ··········································································· 251
11.1.3 Turtle命令操作 ··········································································· 252
11.2 random标准库 ····················································································· 254
Python基础教程
11.2.1 random库介绍 ············································································ 255
11.2.2 random库常用函数 ······································································ 255
11.3 jieba第三方库 ······················································································ 257
11.3.1 jieba库简介 ················································································ 258
11.3.2 jieba库的安装 ············································································· 258
11.3.3 jieba分词应用 ············································································· 259
11.3.4 jieba单词统计 ············································································· 259
11.4 wordcloud第三方库 ·············································································· 260
11.4.1 wordcloud库安装 ········································································· 261
11.4.2 wordcloud基本使用 ······································································ 261
11.5实训 11：运行的时钟 ············································································ 265【本章习题】 ································································································ 267
附录全国计算机等级考试二级 Python语言程序设计考试大纲（ 2018年版） ·············269